Loreta Janeta Velázquez was a Cuban-born woman who claimed that she masqueraded as a male Confederate soldier during the American Civil War.

According to Velázquez' memoirs, she enlisted in the Confederate States Army in 1861, without her soldier-husband's knowledge. She then supposedly fought at Bull Run, Ball's Bluff and Fort Donelson, but was discharged when her gender was discovered while in New Orleans. Undeterred, she apparently re-enlisted and fought at Shiloh, until unmasked once more. She then became a Confederate spy, working in both male and female guises, supposedly as a double agent also reporting to the U.S. Secret Service. Her husband died during the war and she remarried three more times; being widowed in each instance. The circumstances of her own death are unknown.